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Interior PMSM

Three-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motor with sinusoidal back electromotive force

  • Interior PMSM block

Libraries:
Powertrain Blockset / Propulsion / Electric Motors and Inverters
Motor Control Blockset / Electrical Systems / Motors

Description

The Interior PMSM block implements a three-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with sinusoidal back electromotive force. The block uses the three-phase input voltages to regulate the individual phase currents, allowing control of the motor torque or speed.

By default, the block sets the Simulation type parameter to Continuous to use a continuous sample time during simulation. If you want to generate code for fixed-step double- and single-precision targets, considering setting the parameter to Discrete. Then specify a Sample Time, Ts parameter.

On the Parameters tab, if you select Back-emf constant (Ke), the block implements this equation to calculate the permanent flux linkage constant.

λpm=13Ke1000P602π

Motor Construction

This figure shows the motor construction with a single pole pair on the rotor.

PMSM interior motor with a two-pole rotor

The motor magnetic field due to the permanent magnets creates a sinusoidal rate of change of flux with motor angle.

For the axes convention, the a-phase and permanent magnet fluxes are aligned when motor angle θr is zero.

Three-Phase Sinusoidal Model Electrical System

The block implements these equations, expressed in the motor flux reference frame (dq frame). All quantities in the motor reference frame are referred to the stator.

ωe=Pωmddtid=1LdvdRLdid+LqLdPωmiq

ddtiq=1LqvqRLqiqLdLqPωmidλpmPωmLq

Te=1.5P[λpmiq+(LdLq)idiq]

The Lq and Ld inductances represent the relation between the phase inductance and the motor position due to the saliency of the motor.

The equations use these variables.

Lq, Ld

q- and d-axis inductances (H)

R

Resistance of the stator windings (ohm)

iq, id

q- and d-axis currents (A)

vq, vd

q- and d-axis voltages (V)

ωm

Angular mechanical velocity of the motor (rad/s)

ωe

Angular electrical velocity of the motor (rad/s)

λpm

Permanent flux linkage constant (Wb)

Ke

Back electromotive force (EMF) (Vpk_LL/krpm, where Vpk_LL is the peak voltage line-to-line measurement)

P

Number of pole pairs

Te

Electromagnetic torque (Nm)

Θe

Electrical angle (rad)

Mechanical System

The motor angular velocity is given by:

ddtωm=1J(TeTfFωmTm)dθmdt=ωm

The equations use these variables.

J

Combined inertia of motor and load (kgm^2)

F

Combined viscous friction of motor and load (N·m/(rad/s))

θm

Motor mechanical angular position (rad)

Tm

Motor shaft torque (Nm)

Te

Electromagnetic torque (Nm)

Tf

Motor shaft static friction torque (Nm)

ωm

Angular mechanical velocity of the motor (rad/s)

Power Accounting

For the power accounting, the block implements these equations.

Bus Signal DescriptionVariableEquations

PwrInfo

PwrTrnsfrd — Power transferred between blocks

  • Positive signals indicate flow into block

  • Negative signals indicate flow out of block

PwrMtr

Mechanical power

Pmot

Pmot= ωmTe
PwrBus

Electrical power

Pbus

Pbus= vania+ vbnib+vcnic

PwrNotTrnsfrd — Power crossing the block boundary, but not transferred

  • Positive signals indicate an input

  • Negative signals indicate a loss

PwrElecLoss

Resistive power loss

Pelec

Pelec= 32(Rsisd2+Rsisq2)
PwrMechLoss

Mechanical power loss

Pmech

When Mechanical input configuration is set to Torque:

Pmech= (ωm2F+ |ωm|Tf)

When Mechanical input configuration is set to Speed:

Pmech= 0 

PwrStored — Stored energy rate of change

  • Positive signals indicate an increase

  • Negative signals indicate a decrease

PwrMtrStored

Stored motor power

Pstr

Pstr= Pbus+ Pmot+ Pelec + Pmech

The equations use these variables.

Rs

Stator resistance (ohm)

ia, ib, ic

Stator phase a, b, and c current (A)

isq, isd

Stator q- and d-axis currents (A)

van, vbn, vcn

Stator phase a, b, and c voltage (V)

ωm

Angular mechanical velocity of the rotor (rad/s)

F

Combined motor and load viscous damping (N·m/(rad/s))

Te

Electromagnetic torque (Nm)

Tf

Combined motor and load friction torque (Nm)

Amplitude Invariant dq Transformation

The block uses these equations to implement amplitude invariant dq transformation to ensure that the dq and three phase amplitudes are equal.

[vsdvsq]= 23 [cos(Θda)cos(Θda2π3)cos(Θda+2π3)sin(Θda)sin(Θda2π3)sin(Θda+2π3)][vavbvc]

[iaibic]=   [cos(Θda)sin(Θda)cos(Θda2π3)cos(Θda+2π3)sin(Θda2π3)sin(Θda+2π3)][isdisq]

The equations use these variables.

Θda

dq stator electrical angle with respect to the rotor a-axis (rad)

vsq, vsd

Stator q- and d-axis voltages (V)

isq, isd

Stator q- and d-axis currents (A)

va, vb, vc

Stator voltage phases a, b, c (V)

ia, ib, ic

Stator currents phases a, b, c (A)

Ports

Input

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Load torque on the motor shaft, Tm, in N·m.

Dependencies

To create this port, select Torque for the Mechanical input configuration parameter.

Angular velocity of the motor, ωm, in rad/s.

Dependencies

To create this port, select Speed for the Mechanical input configuration parameter.

Stator terminal voltages, Va, Vb, and Vc, in V.

Dependencies

To create this port, select Speed or Torque for the Mechanical input configuration parameter.

Output

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The bus signal contains these block calculations.

Signal DescriptionVariableUnits

IaStator

Stator phase current A

ia

A

IbStator

Stator phase current B

ib

A

IcStator

Stator phase current C

ic

A

IdSync

Direct axis current

id

A

IqSync

Quadrature axis current

iq

A

VdSync

Direct axis voltage

vd

V

VqSync

Quadrature axis voltage

vq

V

MtrSpd

Angular mechanical velocity of the motor

ωm

rad/s

MtrPos

Motor mechanical angular position

θm

rad

MtrTrq

Electromagnetic torque

Te

N·m

PwrInfo

PwrTrnsfrd

PwrMtr

Mechanical power

Pmot

W
PwrBus

Electrical power

Pbus

W

PwrNotTrnsfrd

PwrElecLoss

Resistive power loss

Pelec

W
PwrMechLoss

Mechanical power loss

Pmech

W

PwrStored

PwrMtrStored

Stored motor power

Pstr

W

Phase a, b, c current, ia, ib, and ic, in A.

Motor torque, Tmtr, in N·m.

Dependencies

To create this port, select Speed for the Mechanical input configuration parameter.

Angular speed of the motor, ωmtr, in rad/s.

Dependencies

To create this port, select Torque for the Mechanical input configuration parameter.

Parameters

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Block Options

This table summarizes the port configurations.

Port ConfigurationCreates Input PortCreates Output Port

Torque

LdTrq

MtrSpd

Speed

Spd

MtrTrq

By default, the block uses a continuous sample time during simulation. If you want to generate code for single-precision targets, considering setting the parameter to Discrete.

Dependencies

Setting Simulation type to Discrete creates the Sample Time, Ts parameter.

Integration sample time for discrete simulation, in s.

Dependencies

Setting Simulation type to Discrete creates the Sample Time, Ts parameter.

Load Parameters

Enter the path to the motor parameter ".m" or ".mat" file that you saved using the Motor Control Blockset™ parameter estimation tool. You can also click the Browse button to navigate and select the ".m" or ".mat" file, and update File parameter with the file name and path. For details related to the motor parameter estimation process, see Estimate PMSM Parameters Using Recommended Hardware.

  • Load from file - Click this button to read the estimated motor parameters from the ".m" or ".mat" file (indicated by the File parameter) and load them to the motor block.

  • Save to file - Click this button to read the motor parameters from the motor block and save them into a ".m" or ".mat" file (with a file name and location that you specify in the File parameter).

Note

Before you click Save to file button, ensure that the target file name in the File parameter has either ".m" or ".mat" extension. If you use any other file extension, the block displays an error message.

Parameters

Motor pole pairs, P.

Stator phase resistance per phase, Rs, in ohm.

Stator d-axis and q-axis inductance, Ld, Lq, in H.

Permanent flux linkage constant, λpm, in Wb.

Back electromotive force, EMF, Ke, in Vpk_LL/krpm. Vpk_LL is the peak voltage line-to-line measurement.

To calculate the permanent flux linkage constant, the block implements this equation.

λpm=13Ke1000P602π

Mechanical properties of the motor:

  • Inertia, J, in kg.m^2

  • Viscous damping, F, in N·m/(rad/s)

  • Static friction, Tf, in N·m

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Mechanical input configuration parameter to Torque.

Initial Values

Initial q- and d-axis currents, iq, id, in A.

Initial motor angular position, θm0, in rad.

Initial angular velocity of the motor, ωm0, in rad/s.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Mechanical input configuration parameter to Torque.

References

[1] Kundur, P. Power System Stability and Control. New York, NY: McGraw Hill, 1993.

[2] Anderson, P. M. Analysis of Faulted Power Systems. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-IEEE Press, 1995.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced in R2017a