Synchronized 12-Pulse Generator

Implement synchronized pulse generator to fire thyristors of twelve-pulse converter

Library

powerlib_extras/Control Blocks, powerlib_extras/Discrete Control Blocks

Note

The Pulse & Signal Generators section of the Control and Measurements library contains the Pulse Generator (Thyristor, 12-Pulse) block. This is an improved version of the Synchronized 12-Pulse Generator block. The new block features a mechanism that eliminates duplicate continuous and discrete versions of the same block by basing the block configuration on the simulation mode. If your legacy models contain the Synchronized 12-Pulse Generator block, they will continue to work. However, for best performance, use the Pulse Generator (Thyristor, 12-Pulse) block in your new models.

Description

The Synchronized 12-Pulse Generator block generates two vectors of six pulses synchronized on the twelve thyristor commutation voltages. The first set of pulses, denoted PY, is sent to the six-pulse bridge connected to the wye (Y) secondary winding of the Y/Y/Delta converter transformer. The second set of pulses, denoted PD, is sent to the six-pulse bridge connected to the delta secondary winding of the converter transformer.

The synchronization voltages provided to the generator are the three phase-to-ground voltages Va, Vb, Vc measured on the primary side (Y) of the Y/Y/Delta converter transformer. The PY pulses are generated alpha degrees after the zero crossing of the phase-to-phase voltages generated from the synchronization voltages. The PD pulses can be set to lead or lag the PY pulses by 30 degrees.

The following figure shows the synchronization and internal phase-to-phase voltages plus the first three pulses of the PY and PD output vectors. In this example the PY pulses are generated 20 degrees (alpha angle) after the zero crossing of the phase-to-phase voltages and the PD pulses lag the PY pulses by 30 degrees.

The ordering of the pulses in the two outputs of the block corresponds to the natural order of commutation of a three-phase thyristor bridge. When you connect the Synchronized 12-Pulse Generator block outputs to the pulse inputs of the Universal Bridge blocks (with the thyristor device), the pulses are sent to the thyristors in the following way:

Parameters

Delta winding connection: If set to D1 (lagging), the PD pulses lag the PY pulses by 30 degrees. If set to D11 (leading), the PD pulses lead the PY pulses by 30 degrees.
Frequency of synchronization voltages: The frequency, in hertz, of the synchronization voltages. It usually corresponds to the frequency of the network.
Pulse width: The width of the pulses, in degrees.
Double pulsing: If selected, the generator sends to each thyristor a first pulse when the alpha angle is reached, and then a second pulse 60 degrees later when the next thyristor in the sequence is fired. The double pulsing is applied separately on the two vectors of pulses.

Inputs and Outputs

alpha_deg: Input 1 is the alpha firing signal, in degrees. This input can be connected to a Constant block, or it can be connected to a controller system to control the pulses of the generator.
A, B, C: Inputs 2, 3, and 4 are the phase-to-ground synchronization voltages Va, Vb, and Vc. The synchronization voltages should be measured at the primary side of the converter transformer.
Freq: Available only with the discrete version of the Synchronized 6-Pulse Generatorblock. This input should be connected to a Constant block containing the fundamental frequency, in hertz, or to a PLL tracking the frequency of the system.
block: Input 5 allows you to block the operation of the generator. The pulses are disabled when the applied signal is greater than zero.
PY: Output 1 contains the six-pulse signals to be sent to the six-pulse thyristor converter connected to the Y secondary winding of the converter transformer.
PD: Output 2 contains the six-pulse signals to be sent to the six-pulse thyristor converter connected to the Delta (D) secondary winding of the converter transformer.

Examples

In the power_twelvepulses example a Pulse Generator (Thyristor) block (the improved version of the Synchronized 12-Pulse Generator block) is used to fire the thyristors of a twelve-pulse thyristor bridge built with two six-pulse bridges. The bridge is fed by a three-winding three-phase transformer (500 kV / 200 kV / 200 kV). The Y-connected secondary feeds the first six-pulse bridge. The Delta secondary feeds the second bridge. The transformer is assumed to be ideal (no leakage reactances, no resistance). The expected DC voltage obtained for alpha = 0 is

$V_{dc} = 2 \frac{3 \sqrt{2}}{π} 200 kV = 540 kV .$

The two bridge rectifiers are connected in series and a 300 km DC line is connected to the rectifier.

A first simulation is performed with an alpha angle of 0 degrees. Open the Constant block connected at input 1 of the Pulse Generator (Thyristor, 12-Pulse) block and set its value to 0. Start the simulation. The voltages of the thyristors of the D Thyristor Converter block are displayed in the next figure.

Compare the DC voltage generated by the Generator (Thyristor, 12–Pulse) block with the DC voltage you obtained with the Generator (Thyristor, 6–Pulse) block. Notice that the ripple in the DC voltage waveform is lower. The rectifier voltage contains the harmonics 12*k (k = 1,2,...).

Version History

Introduced before R2006a