How to solve system of nonlinear equations (A-x1)*x2=B?

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A and x1 are 300*1 vectors, x2 is a 1*2000 vector, B is a 300*2000 sparse matrix.
(A-x1)*x2=B
we know A, B, then how can we calculate both vector x1 and x2?

Answers (1)

Hugo
Hugo on 9 Jun 2015
Notice that (A-x)*y=B (I changed the names of the variables for simplicity) can be written component-wise as (Ai-xi)*yj = Bij, where i and j denote the indexes. This equation is then showing that, for i constant, Bij / yj does not depends on j. In other words, Bij = ki * yj, where ki is a constant that depends on i. Thus, B must be the result of an outer product between two vectors for the equation to be solvable. To find the vectors that generate B, you can use singular value decomposition, which gives you B = U * D * V^T, being D a diagonal matrix. If D has only one value different from zero, then B is effectively an outer product. You can then construct the vectors k and y as k = alpha * u and y = beta * v, where u and v are the columns of U and V associated with the nonzero singular value, and alpha and beta are constants which product must equal the nonzero singular value. x can then be found by computing x = A-k. Notice that there are infinite solutions, since you can choose alpha arbitrarily (beta being bound by the relation to the nonzero singular value).
Hope this helps.
  5 Comments
Hugo
Hugo on 10 Jun 2015
Certainly, my bad! Nevertheless, notice that x=0 is not a general solution for the system of equations. Consider B=[1,2;3,-4]. Now y2= -inf = +inf. Thus, x=0 is not a general solution.

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