MPPT P&O for a 4 kW PV Array Using DC–DC Converters

MATLAB Simulink model comparing Boost, Buck–Boost, and Ćuk converters for MPPT P&O control of a 4 kW PV array.

This project develops and evaluates a MATLAB Simulink model of a 4 kW photovoltaic (PV) array controlled by the Perturb and Observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking algorithm.

Three DC–DC converter topologies are implemented and compared under identical operating conditions:

1. Boost Converter

• Increases the PV output voltage

• Produces lower output current than input current

• Uses a simple converter structure

• Generates moderate ripple

2. Buck–Boost Converter

• Operates in both step-up and step-down modes

• Provides greater flexibility for MPPT operation

• Reverses the output polarity

• Produces the highest ripple among the three converters

3. Ćuk Converter

• Reverses the output polarity

• Requires more components than the Buck–Boost converter

• Produces lower ripple than the Buck–Boost converter

• Provides smoother current transfer

The objective of the model is to compare the influence of converter topology on PV system performance when the same MPPT technique is applied.

The comparison includes:

• Output voltage response

• Output current behavior

• Ripple magnitude

• Converter polarity

• Dynamic MPPT tracking performance

• Converter complexity

Simulation Environment:

• MATLAB R2025b

• Simulink

• Simscape Electrical

Model File Included:

Comparison_of_MPPT_PO_Method_for_a_4_kW_PV.slx

Applications:

This model can be used for:

• Solar energy and photovoltaic courses

• Research in MPPT techniques

• Power electronics studies

• Converter performance analysis

• Renewable energy projects