This will happen if MATLAB was updated to Update 8 using the offline update package. To fix this, run the following file:
$MATLAB\bin\win64\cppms_cache.exe
This should resolve the issue and allow MATLAB to start. Note: This file will need to be run as administrator if MATLAB is installed in a directory that you need admin permissions to modify. This would be the case if MATLAB is installed in the default directory, C:\Program Files\MATLAB.
To avoid this issue, you can update other MATLAB installations using the online method. To update MATLAB using the online method, please see the following article:
How do I install an update for MATLAB?https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/455323